[Feature Request] Add more theorem types from amsthm (e.g. axiom, assumption, ...)

[cderv]

Discussed in #3970

^{Originally posted by Zegeri January 14, 2023}
Some mathematical texts might use axioms and it would be nice if it were supported by quarto. I suggest using "axm" as tag prefix. For example:

::: {#axm-pairing}
## Pairing

If $x$ and $y$ are sets, then there exists a set which contains $x$ and $y$ as elements. 
:::

[cderv]

Axiom is among the supported environment in amsthm CTAN package . It could be worth supporting it for our Theorems and Proofs

[mattblackwell]

I'm not sure if this should go here or into a new issue/idea, but it would also be very helpful to have an "assumption" theorem type, maybe using #asm- prefix.

[mcanouil]

I wonder if, as for callouts the API, it would be worth it to generalise here to allow users to define their own environments.

[cscheid]

This is a duplicate of #1655 and #3323

[mcanouil]

Are you going to close this in favour of one of the other two?
(I just linked #5644 to here)

[cscheid]

I'm indifferent. I was cataloguing all of them to put them in the epic, and so it ultimately doesn't matter to me.